Gedney, Prince
John M. McDonald interview — 1850-10-22; 1850-10-23
Prince Gedney (c.1758-1855), who was enslaved by Absalom Gedney during the Revolutionary War, gave this interview to John Macdonald over the course of two days. He begins the first day of the interview by discussing the members of the Haines family who served in British and Loyalist units, and indicates that Bartholomew Haines was involved with the spiking of American artillery at King’s Bridge on January 17, 1776. He also notes that French cavalry encamped upon Chatterton Hill during the Franco-American Encampment of 1781. On the second day of the interview, Prince Gedney identifies four men who served as guides for the British army during the Battle of White Plains, and names two men who he claims were involved with the driving of cattle to New York City. Gedney himself was sent by Absalom Gedney behind British lines to sell items, and he recounts an incident where he was given a pass to do so by a Hessian general. He then describes a fight between Americans commanded by a Captain Honum and Refugees led by Captain Samuel Kipp, as well as an incident where two Refugees captured a number of Skinners at a party. Gedney also gives two anecdotes regarding Jared Palmer, a Loyalist of great strength from Horseneck in Greenwich, Connecticut. Palmer once used his strength to overpower two armed Skinners attempting to capture him and later earned his freedom from imprisonment by defeating an American soldier in a boxing match. Prince Gedney then recounts Peter Angevine, a Loyalist from Fox Meadow in Scarsdale who was wounded at Mosier’s Fight in 1781. He concludes his interview by referencing Nathaniel Adams, who shot at a group of American soldiers gathered in White Plains, and gives his impressions of Loyalist Major Mansfield Bearmore and Captain Samuel Kipp.
Original findings from this interview
Manuscript page facsimiles
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Transcription
October 22d Prince [Slave] Gedney, of White Plains: "I will be 92 on the 16th of December next. Elijah Haines was a private in the Queen's Rangers, J.c. and was killed in the attack upon Wards House. It was Bartholemew Haines who was engaged in spiking the cannon at Kingsbridge, although some of his brothers might have assisted. Thomas and James Haines brother of Elijah and Bartholemew were both grenadiers in one of the British regiments which went south where they were both killed.
In the summer of 1781, the French cavalry lay in the long lot, directly east of where James Tompkins afterwards built his dwelling house and where he died. The French horse encamped there in the Long Lot upon Chatterton Hill, for about six months weeks. —
Captain Absalom Gedney then occupied what was afterwards the James Tompkins farm. He (Capt. Absalom) married
way. They collected cattle together, or allowed others to do so, and then shut their eyes and allowed the Cow-boys to take them to New York. The Cow-boys somehow always found out where there was a lot of good fat cattle collected.
I used often to go below to sell chickens, butter and provisions for my master, and have often seen Colonel Emmerick at Kingsbridge, and knew Cap'tn Ben Ogden. Sometimes, I went into New York to buy. On such occasions [marg: + Sometimes written Horrimon.] I got a pass from General Horriman or some other Hessian officer, whose quarters generally were at Morris's house. The pass allowed me to go in the city and purchase the articles which were specified. Once I lost my pass and went back for another. This provoked general Horrimon who said "What for you lose your pass? Be careful. Suppose you lose this, I give you no more!" After scolding awhile he gave me a new permit
with the most vindictive feelings, and the sight of this horse which they at once recognized, added to their ferocity. Kipp charged instantly, crying to his men –
"Pursue, boys! pursue! Down with them and no quarter!" The Skinners who were now all mounted (?) [See William Barker's account] spurred their horses onward to their utmost speed; but the strong efforts which in moments of extremity men so often make and make successfully were unavailing upon this occasion. All but the leader were overtaken and cut to pieces without mercy. The extraordinary fleetness and power of endurance of Honham's horse, were barely sufficient to save the rider's life – for Captain Kipp at one time came up with him and striking at the flying Skinner, wounded his horse. One of the first Skinners overtaken was a young man, who, after receiving a great many sword cuts, was left upon the ground for dead. He was, however, still alive,
and while the Refugees were in pursuit of Nonham's party, crawled a short space and concealed himself behind the roots roots of a tree which had blown down; but, on their return, Kipp's men discovered the wounded Skinner and literally cut him limb from limb. —
One young man they attempted to take below a prisoner but when placed on horseback he fainted from loss of blood, having received many wounds. Supposing him dead, they left him behind telling Mr. Hart of Purdy's Lane to bury him; but this gentleman finding the prisoner still alive had him carefully nursed, called in surgical aid, (Dr. Thatcher) and was at length gratified by his recovery. —
This young man and Nonum were the only two who escaped. All the rest were killed outright. Richard Cornell, formerly of White Plains, was guide to the party that went down for the young man (when he had sufficiently recovered) and took him above. He was
from somewhere in Connectiout. — [ Was this Captain Doolittle of Ridgefield? — See Note Book 1/84. ]
There was a frolic once during the Revolutionary war in [ North Castle, proba=bly, or somewhere near there ] which was attended by a number of skinners, among other persons. Joseph Hubbs and Jem. Husted, two noted Refugees having heard of the frolic, lurked about the house, and communicating, probably, with some of the dancers, found out where the Skinners had stacked their muskets. Having possessed themselves of these arms, Hubbs and Husted suddenly made a great noise crying out — " Surround the house! — Shoot every one that comes out!" Having succeeded in convincing the Skinners that the house was surrounded by a numerous party, the two tories compelled them to come out one at a time and surrender. As they came out they were tied and secured and all conveyed below.
Once during the war, Jared Palmer,
a tory from near Horseneck and a man of great strength accompanied by two boys named Joseph Close and John Conn, came down in the night with a drove for New-york. It was in the winter and towards day that Palmer and the two boys stopped at Mr Hart's in Purdy Street to warm themselves by the fire. (?) They had'nt been long at the fire before two armed men belonging to the upper party came in and called upon Palmer and his boys for immediate surrender. The names of the two boys Whigs or Skinners were Eli Nelson and Thomas Pew, and they threatened the three drovers with instant death if they attempted to escape. Thereupon they proceeded to secure the captives who were all three unarmed. Pew drove the boys into a corner of the room and there guarded them, while Nelson proceeded to secure Palmer by tying his arms with a cord taken from one of the farmer's beds. Palmer re- =fused to be bound, and a fierce struggle ensued between him and Nelson who had laid his musket aside, in which the former was victorious having succeeded in tying his antagonist fast with the very sad bed cord he had
made use of. While Palmer and Nelson were struggling for the mastery, Close and Conn cheered the former on and at last rose upon Pew. These boys were only about 15 or 16 years old but strong enough to keep Pew from using his weapons or aiding his companion, until Palmer came to their assistance and terminated the struggle by knocking down their opponent with the but end of Nelson's musket. Nelson and Pew were then securely fastened arm to arm and the drovers with their cattle and prisoners prosecuted their journey without delay and arrived at New york in safety. The blow by which Pew was prostrated broke Nelson's musket.
Soon after the above adventure, Jared Palmer was taken prisoner (he probably belonged below) by a scouting party from Horseneck, and his captors gave him the choice either to remain a prisoner or to fight a very celebrated bruiser of their company who had invariably
been victorious in all the pugilistic en= =counters in which he had been engaged, they, expressly, giving him their words of honour to Palmer that he should go free in case he should overcome their champion. Palmer accepted the pugna -cious alternative and a combat with fists ensued, the result of which was for a long time doubtful, but the cattle drover at last triumphed over his adversary and was set at liberty.
Peter Angevine, a Refugee, origi= =nally from Fox Meadow had his right (?) arm broken by a shot in the combat be= =tween Mosier and Capt. Kipp, but was so much excited upon the occasion that he brandished his sword in the other hand and hurraed for King George. He went to Nova Scotia and never returned.
Nathaniel Adams who wounded the merry man in the shoulder with a musket ball at the Court House at White Plains was never taken. His resolution
was such, and he was so well known, that they were afraid of him. Bearmore, was greatly dreaded by the [upper] lower party. He charged, pursued, cut down, and gave little quarter. He and Captain Samuel Kipp were the severest and most impetuous of all the Refugee Commanders.”
October 23 [and 20th] William [marg: of Eastchester] Barker, aged , "John and Isaac as well as their brother Cornelius [Bar-ker] were guides for the American and French armies. Isaac was the father of Mr. Stephen Barker.
Gilbert, brother of Elijah Vincent, went above and joined the Whigs. He was taken soon after at Croton by a party of Refugees from below and conducted to Morris.