Indian Paths in the Great Metropolis
A site which indicates extensive utilization, and possible long residence, is that of the one-time farm dwelling of the Tippett INDIAN PATHS family on the same hill, but farther north, about the line of 231st street. Quantities of oyster-shells are imbedded in rich black soil. The place is sheltered, and flowing springs are nearby.
Only a few fragments of native materials have so far been found there, but enough to justify the determination of the place as an Indian station.16 These traces indicate a limited use of the exposed Nipnichsen hill, which, however, does not detract from its importance as a place of aboriginal observation and of possible refuge. THE WESTCHESTER PATH Returning now to 231st street, where the Manhattan trail divided (see Map VI), we take up the study of the Westchester path, which turned south from the Albany trail at the crossing of the marsh at 231st street.