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🏹 Indigenous Peoples & Archaeology
The Kitchawank, Wappinger, and Lenape peoples who lived here for 7,000+ years
876Passages
6Source Documents
Sources
| Source | Passages | Words | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edward Manning Ruttenber (1872) | 401 | 76,522 | Original → |
| Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906) | 223 | 40,085 | Original → |
| Various (1971) | 98 | 18,630 | Original → |
| Herbert C. Kraft et al. (1994) | 73 | 12,771 | Original → |
| Various (1967) | 42 | 8,829 | Original → |
| Louis A. Brennan et al. (1962) | 39 | 7,958 | Original → |
Passages
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Twastawekah and Tawastawekah, given, in the Livingston Patent, as the name of Claverack Creek, is described as a place that was below Shaukook, The root is _Tawa,_ an "open space," and the name apparently an equivale…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Kesieway's Kil, described in an Indian deed to Garritt van Suchtenhorst, 1667-8. "A certain piece of land at Claverack between the bouwery of Jan Roother and Major Abraham Staats, beginning at a fall at the kil calle…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Machachoesk, a place so called in Columbia County, has not been located. It is described of record as a place "lying on both sides of Kinderhook Creek," and may have taken its name from an adjacent feature. Wapemwats…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Kaphack, on Westenhook River, a place described as "Beginning at an Indian burying-place hard by Kaphack," probably means "A separate place"--"land not occupied." The tract began at "an Indian burying-place," and pre…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] _Esquatak_ is pretty certainly an equivalent of _Ashpohtag_ (Mass.), meaning "A high place." Dropping the initial _A,_ and also the letter _p_ and the second _h,_ leaves Schotack or Shotag; by pronunciation Schodac. …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] In the same capacity he was at Esopus in 1660. He could hardly have been the "old man" whom Hudson met in 1609. In one entry his name is written "Eskuvius, alias Aepjin (Little Ape)," and in another "Called by the Du…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] forms of the name illustrate the effort on the part of the early Dutch, who were then limitedly acquainted with the Indian tongue, to give orthographies to the names which they heard spoken. Passapenoc, Pahpapaenpeno…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] The original was, no doubt, _Patuckquapaug,_ as in Greenwich, Ct., meaning "Round pond." The Dutch changed _paug_ to _paen_ descriptive of the land--low land--so we have, as it stands, "Round land," "elevated hassock…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] "fine, handsome rocks." [FN-2] An interpretation of the name from the form Wallumscnaik, in Thompson's Hist. Vermont, states that "The termination _'chaik'_ signifies in the Dutch language, 'scrip.' or 'patent.'" Thi…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] of record in 1685, its application was probably as early as 1675, when the Pennacooks of Connecticut, fleeing from the disastrous results of King Phillip's War in which they were allies, found refuge among their kind…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] (See Shekomeko.) * * * * * [FN] The root of the name is _Peske_ or _Piske_ (_Paske,_ Zeisb.), meaning, primarily, "To split," "To divide forcibly or abruptly." (Trumbull.) In Abnaki, _Peskétekwa,_ a "divided tidal or…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] 1688, known by the Indian name of Hoosack." (Cal. N. Y. Land Papers, 27, 74.) The head of the stream appears to have been the outlet of a lake now called _Pontoosuc_ from the name of a certain fall on its outlet call…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Still, it cannot be said that the tradition was not familiar to all Algonquians in their mythical lore. Heckewelder's tradition, "The Naked or Hairless Bear," has its culmination at a place "lying east of the Hudson,…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Fort Massachusetts, in the present town of Adams, Mass., was on its borders and in some records was called Fort Hoosick. It was captured by the French and their Indians in 1746. The general course of the stream is no…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] its conical hills (_ononda_). The late Horatio Hale wrote me: "_Ti-ononda-howe_ is evidently a compound term involving the word _ononda_ (or _ononta_), 'hill or mountain.' _Ti-oneenda-howe,_ in like manner, includes …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] from a correct reading of the suffix _octe_ (_okte,_ Bruyas), meaning "end," or, in this connection, "Where the lake ends." _Caniade,_ a form of _Kaniatare,_ is an Iroquoian generic, meaning "lake." The lake never ha…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] The novelist, Cooper, gave life to De Laet's orthography in his "Last of the Mohegans." Ticonderoga, familiar as the name of the historic fortress at Lake George, was written by Sir William Johnson, in 1756, _Tionder…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] castles--sometimes written Theonondiogo. In like manner, _Kaniatare,_ 'lake,' thus compounded, yields _Te-kaniatare-oken,_ 'Between two lakes.' In the Huron dialect _Kaniatare_ is contracted to _Yontare_ or _Ontare,_…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Later, it became a link in the great highway of travel and commerce between
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] islands, or broken land, on which a nation of savages have their abode, who are called Matouwacks; they obtain a livelihood by fishing within the bay, whence the most easterly point of the land received the name of F…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] They were almost constantly at war with the Pequods and Narragansetts, but there is no evidence that they were ever conquered, and much less that they were conquered by the Iroquois, to whom they paid tribute for pro…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] That several of the sachems did sign their names, or that their names were signed by some one for them, "Sachem of Pammananuck," proves nothing in regard to the application of that name to the island. Wompenanit is o…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] but those features are not referred to in _Wompenanit,_ except, perhaps, as represented by the glittering sun-light, the material emblem of the mystery of light--"where day-light appears." Montauk, now so written--in…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Unto the east side of Napeak, next unto Meantacut high lands." In other words the high lands bounded the place called Meantacqu, the suffix _-it_ or _-ut_ meaning "at" that place. The precise place referred to was th…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] northward side of a cove of meadow"--means "A cove." It is an equivalent of _Aucûp_ (Williams), "A little cove or creek." "_Aspatuck_ river" is also of record here, and probably takes that name from a hill or height …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] The record reads: "Whiteneymen, sachem of Mochgonnekonck, situate on Long Island." (Col. Hist. N. Y., xiv, 60.) Whiteneymen, whose name is written Mayawetinnemin in treaty of 1645, and "Meantinnemen, alias Tapousagh,…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] He was elected "sachem of sachems" by the sachems of the western clans on the island, about the time the jurisdiction of the island was divided between the English at New Haven and the Dutch at Manhattan, the former …
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] Tooker translated the former from _Quaneuntéow-unk,_ (Eliot), "Where the fence is," the reference being to a certain fence of lopped trees which existed on the north end of the pond, [FN-1] and the latter from _Kuhku…
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] _Wompaskit,_ "At or in the swamp, or marsh." Poosepatuck, a place so called and now known as the Indian Reservation, back of Forge River at Mastick, probably means "On the other side," or
Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)
[Edward Manning Ruttenber (1906)] a village, peninsula or neck of land and harbor on the east side of the pond. Probably from _Pohqu'unantak,_ "Cleared of trees," a marshy neck which had been cleared or was naturally open. The same name is met in Bro…